es
par cette odeur imaginaire, se preparaient deja a quitter la place. On les
rassure et on leur explique que le but reel de l'experience avait ete de
provoquer une hallucination; cette explication ne choqua personne.

[Note 19: _A Lecture Experiment in Hallucinations_. Psychological
Review, VI, 4, juillet 1899, p. 407-408.]

Voila a peu pres quelles sont les etudes qui ont ete faites jusqu'ici sur
la suggestibilite ou suggestion a l'etat de veille et chez les sujets
normaux.

Il semble que quand elle est reduite a sa forme la plus simple, l'epreuve
de la suggestion a l'etat de veille constitue un test de docilite; et il
est vraisemblable que des individus dresses a l'obeissance passive s'y
conformeront mieux que les independants. Rappelons-nous ce fait si curieux,
que d'apres les statistiques de Bernheim les personnes les plus sensibles a
l'hypnotisme--c'est-a-dire a la suggestion autoritaire--ne sont pas, comme
on pourrait le croire, les femmes nerveuses, mais les anciens militaires,
les anciens employes d'administration, en un mot, tous ceux qui ont
contracte l'habitude de la discipline et de l'obeissance passive.



II


ERREURS D'IMAGINATION


Il fut une epoque, dans l'histoire de l'hypnotisme, ou l'on a prononce
souvent les mots _d'attention expectante_; c'etait l'epoque ou l'on
cherchait a decouvrir sur les malades l'influence des metaux et des
aimants. On avait pretendu qu'en appliquant certains metaux, de l'or, du
fer, de l'etain par exemple, sur les teguments d'un malade hysterique, on
pouvait soit provoquer de l'anesthesie dans la region de l'application,
soit provoquer des contractures, soit faire passer (transfert) dans l'autre
moitie du corps un symptome hysterique qui n'en occupait qu'une moitie.
Beaucoup d'auteurs restaient sceptiques, et supposaient que ces effets
qu'on observait sur les hysteriques dans les seances de metallotherapie
n'etaient point dus a l'action directe des metaux, mais a l'imagination
des malades, qui etaient mises en etat d'attention

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